How to maximize the use of feed and price the cost of breeding, the following points can be used for reference:

Fine processing

Mechanical processing reduces feed waste and improves palatability. When roughage is cut short, it is easy to mix and chew. After the concentrated feed is crushed, it is conducive to the thorough mixing of the digestive juice. Specific fineness requirements: less than 1 mm for pigs, 1-2 mm for cattle and sheep, and 2-4 mm for horses and small livestock. Soak sweet potato leaves for pig feeding to dissolve impurities. Moldy dried melons can quickly dissolve toxic substances after soaking. After the dried wax gourd or sweet potato noodles are cooked, the palatability can be further improved, and the crude fiber can be expanded, which is conducive to the penetration of digestive juice.

Chemical treatment can improve the nutritional value of roughage. The commonly used chemical treatment methods are alkalization or ammoniation, which uses the action of alkaline components to destroy the structure of lignin in the forage, dissolve the silicate in it, and dissolve the nutrients related to lignin such as cellulose and hemicellulose. material transformation. The liberation of vegetarian food increases the nutritional value of feed, which animals love to eat.

Biological treatment can promote material transformation, improve nutritional value and digestibility. After the feed is saccharified, the nutrients are degraded, and the palatability is greatly improved, which is more conducive to the digestion and absorption of nutrients. After the feed is fermented, the crude fiber is degraded, and aromatic and stimulating substances such as vitamin B group, organic acid, alcohol, etc. can be produced, which can improve digestion and nutritional status, and further improve productivity.

reasonable proportion

The nutritional composition of a single feed is imperfect and cannot meet the nutritional needs of livestock and poultry. The use of compound feed can achieve the effect of learning from each other, and can make full use of the nutrients in each component, especially the addition of various essential amino acids, which can greatly improve the utilization rate of the feed. . Microorganisms in the rumen of ruminants can utilize inorganic nitrogen to synthesize bacterial proteins. In order to improve the synthesis of bacterial protein, 0.02%~0.05% urea can be added to the ruminant feed, and 1 kg of urea can replace 6~7 kg of bean cake. Broilers grow and develop very quickly. Adding 1% to 5% animal fat in the diet has a good effect on improving the utilization rate of feed.

scientific feeding

To prevent waste caused by the selection of livestock and poultry, the feed for pigs, chickens and other animals should be crushed and used in combination. The feed should be chopped as much as possible, and the roughage should be sprayed with water before adding the bran and crushing the concentrate. Using dry powder is more wasteful and wasteful, using wet mixing can reduce waste. Feed in batches, don't feed too much at a time, feed less once, to prevent picky eaters and waste, and clean up leftovers in time. If ad libitum feeding is used, the structure and height of the trough should be improved.

physiological

The feed formula should not only meet the nutritional needs of animals, but also meet the physiological characteristics of animal digestion.

Pigs are omnivores. The characteristics of the stomach are between those of carnivores and ruminants. The acidity can reach 0.35%~0.45%. It can use a variety of plant and animal feeds. secretion of gastric juice. Ruminants, such as cattle and sheep, have large rumens and a rich microbial community in the rumen. The acidity in the abomasum is only 0.12%~3.0%, which can make full use of crude fiber and mainly eat plant-based feed. Utilization is very low. If animal feed is added to the feed of ruminants such as cattle and sheep, it is not easy to be fully and effectively used, and it is easy to cause some infectious diseases, such as the epidemic of mad cow disease, because animal feed is added to cattle feed. Feed is especially caused by bovine vertebrae and spinal cord. Chickens have no teeth and have short intestines, so the digestibility of crude fiber is low. Generally, the crude fiber content in the feed is required to be 2.5% to 5%. Adding too much roughage to the chicken feed will only increase feed consumption. Increase capital investment.